Probability theory forms the mathematical backbone for quantifying uncertainty and random events, providing a rigorous language with which to describe both everyday phenomena and complex scientific ...

Possibility theory and conditional probability offer complementary perspectives for modelling uncertainty, with each framework contributing distinct advantages. Possibility theory, rooted in fuzzy set ...

What happened when a gambler asked for help from a mathematician? The formal study of Probability. Infinite Series is available to stream on pbs.org and the free PBS App, available on iPhone, Apple TV ...

Computer scientists in California have built a mathematical theory of surprise, working from first principles of probability theory applied to a digital environment, according to this news release ...

Source: Thunder Bay, Canada. Used with permission of Dan Hunt, MD. Coincidences attract our attention because they seem weird, odd, or unlikely. Their improbability stimulates wonder—“what are the ...

In A Philosophical Essay on Probabilities, published in 1814, Pierre-Simon Laplace introduced a notorious hypothetical creature: a “vast intelligence” that knew the complete physical state of the ...

We will start by embedding probability theory into a general framework, where we will construct infinite sequences of independent random variables, and (re)visit laws of large numbers, 0-1 laws and ...